person · P0446
Archelaus ארכלאוס
Herod's heir in Yehudah proper — confirmed by Augustus as ethnarch, never king. His rule opened with a Passover massacre and ended nine years later when deputations of Jews and Samaritans secured his banishment to Gaul; Judea passed to direct Roman administration, the arrangement that led to the procurators.
I. Who
- Hebrew
- ארכלאוס
- Also known as
- Herod Archelaus
- Era
- second-temple
- Parents
- Herod
II. When
- Traditional
- c. 3737–3778 AM (ethnarch 3757–3766)
- Academic
- c. 23 BCE – c. 18 CE; ethnarch of Judea 4 BCE – 6 CE
- Lifespan (traditional)
- ≈41 years
- Precision
- approximate
III. Where
- Places
- Jerusalem
V. How do we know
| Claim | Evidence | Confidence | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|
| Josephus: named king in Herod's final will, he put down the Passover disturbance with some three thousand dead before sailing to Rome, where Augustus made him ethnarch of Judea, Samaria, and Idumea; in his ninth (or tenth) year, on his subjects' complaints of brutality, Augustus banished him to Vienna in Gaul, and his territory became the Roman province of Judea (6 CE). | external | ★★★★☆ | |
| AM placement (ethnarch 3757–3766) is schematic: conventional Josephus-based dates mapped onto the atlas timeline at AM ≈ 3760 − BCE / 3760 + CE, consistent with the Second Temple's destruction at 3828 AM. The lifespan band is widened around the attested career. | reconstruction | ★★☆☆☆ |