person · P0157

Rabban Gamliel III רבן גמליאל ברבי

Son and successor of Rebbi (Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi) as Nasi, appointed by his father's deathbed testament even though his brother Shimon was the greater scholar, since Gamliel held the seniority of the patriarchal line. His teachings open the second chapter of Pirkei Avot — Torah study combined with derech eretz, and wariness toward the ruling power — marking the patriarchate's passage from the tannaitic to the amoraic age.

I. Who

Hebrew
רבן גמליאל ברבי
Also known as
Rabban Gamliel beRabbi, Rabban Gamliel son of Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi
Era
tannaim
Generation
T6
Received the mesorah from
Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi
Parents
Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi
Teachers
Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi

II. When

Traditional
c. 3940–4000 AM
Academic
c. 180–240 CE
Lifespan (traditional)
≈60 years
Precision
approximate

V. How do we know

ClaimEvidenceConfidenceSources
Taught in Avot: "Beautiful is Torah study together with derech eretz (worldly occupation), for the toil of both makes sin forgotten; and all Torah without work ends in nothing and drags sin along" — followed by his charges that communal workers act for the sake of Heaven and his warning to be careful with the ruling authorities, who befriend a person only for their own benefit. rabbinic ★★★★★
Appointed Nasi by Rebbi's deathbed testament — "Shimon my son is the sage, Gamliel my son is the Nasi" — and given the orders of the patriarchate with the charge "conduct your patriarchate with the exalted, and cast fear upon the students."
The baraita itself reads "although Shimon my son is the sage, Gamliel my son is the Nasi." When Levi asks why this needed stating, the Gemara answers that Gamliel did not fill his father's place in wisdom — so the appointment required saying — but Rebbi made it because Gamliel filled his father's place in fear of sin.
rabbinic ★★★★☆
Traditional placement c. 3940–4000 AM (c. 180–240 CE): raised in Rebbi's house and succeeding him as Nasi around the close of the Mishnah's redaction (c. 3979 AM / c. 219 CE).
Schematic traditional dating.
tradition reconstruction ★★☆☆☆