person · P0082

Rabbi Pinchas ben Yair רבי פנחס בן יאיר

Rabbi Pinchas ben Yair is remembered as a rigorous pietist, miracle worker, and moral teacher. His stories stress redemption of captives, scrupulous avoidance of untithed food, and refusal to benefit from others. A famous ethical ladder attributed to him became foundational for later Jewish moral literature.

I. Who

Hebrew
רבי פנחס בן יאיר
Also known as
Pinchas ben Yair
Era
tannaim
Generation
T5

II. When

Traditional
c. 3880–3970 AM, in the later tannaitic period
Academic
fl. late 2nd century CE.
Lifespan (traditional)
≈90 years
Precision
approximate

V. How do we know

ClaimEvidenceConfidenceSources
On his way to redeem captives, Pinchas ben Yair ordered the River Ginai to split; the Bavli says it split for him and, after further requests, for companions as well.
Miracle narrative.
rabbinic ★★★☆☆
His donkey refused to eat barley until it had been tithed, and the sages concluded that the animal of a righteous person would not be made to consume forbidden produce.
Miracle-ethical narrative.
rabbinic ★★★☆☆
The Bavli says Pinchas would not benefit from other people and, after reaching adulthood, would not even eat at his father's table.
The cited source supports this summary; minor wording or identification details are interpretive.
rabbinic ★★★★☆
A baraita in his name gives a ladder beginning with Torah leading through caution, diligence, cleanliness, separation, purity, piety, humility, fear of sin, holiness, divine inspiration, and resurrection.
Directly stated in the cited source.
rabbinic ★★★★★
Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi invited Rabbi Pinchas to dine with him; Rabbi Pinchas initially agreed but ultimately departed after seeing dangerous white mules on the property.
Concrete meeting between the two figures.
rabbinic tradition ★★★★☆
The traditional placement c. 3880–3970 AM, in the later tannaitic period, is a schematic Mesorah Atlas reconstruction from his placement among later tannaitic pietists in the Bavli's narratives; the cited sources do not state an absolute AM range.
The cited sources establish relative chronology or regnal duration; they do not state the absolute AM range.
tradition reconstruction ★☆☆☆☆